This report, written by the Change Institute and commissioned by DG JLS of the European Commission reviews European member state approaches to cooperation with civil society for the prevention and response to violent radicalisation. There are a range of specific history and development paths for civil society organisations, particularly organisations working with, or led by, Muslim communities, their agendas and interests, the needs they are meeting, and the capacity issues that they may have. The report includes sections on civil society, principles of good practice, emerging themes in engagement with civil society and a series of country specific case studies.