The years 1975 and 1977 witnessed a wave of de facto military regimes in Bangladesh and Pakistan, respectively. In Pakistan, General Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq operationalized the country’s preexisting Islamic identity from emblematic to substantive at both domestic and international levels. General Ziaur Rahman and General Ershad of Bangladesh revived the country’s…

As there is a clear decline in the civil society’s trust in media in South East Europe and Turkey, UNESCO is seeking to reverse that trend through the project entitled “Building Trust in Media in South East Europe and Turkey”. Together with partners and with financial support from the European…

This document offers guidance for national governments interested in developing or refining their national P/CVE communications strategy as part of a wider P/CVE National Action Plan.

This edited volume contains a selection of essays and contributions derived from the presentations made at the International Countering Violent Extremism (CVE) Research Conference 2017. The purpose of this edited volume is to further enhance the field of CVE research through a series of short research papers.

Concerned by the spread of radical Islamism, Bosnia adopted a five-year strategy to counter the threat in 2015. But the funds have not been allocated to implement it, according to a BIRN BiH investigation.

This project combines collaborative research and dialogue initiatives on the Prevention of Violent Extremism (PVE) in Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo and Macedonia. Together with four local research partners, we explore why some communities are particularly affected by individuals inspired by and/or joining the Islamic State (IS) or other similar…

This research paper analyzes the politicial and radical extremist landscape in Hungary, focusing on the growing trend of radical and far-right narratives in politicial discourse and the increasing populist narrative that Hungary’s popilitical parties are leaning towards. In Hungary, the government’s shift towards the far-right accelerated in 2017, as did…

Europe faces a significant threat from terrorism, particularly from Islamic extremists and far-right groups. Europe’s challenges with terrorism have largely gone unnoticed in the United States, whose strategy documents like the U.S. Department of Defense’s National Defense Strategy have shifted away from counterterrorism and toward competition with state competitors like…

One year ago, the Islamic State in Iraq and Syria (ISIS) was declared “defeated.” Since then, much attention has been given to the fate of its male foreign fighters, in particular the security concerns regarding their return. Less attention has been given, however, to the children of these fighters—both those…

This paper provides a summary of the evidence base on countering violent extremism (CVE) in fragile and conflict-affected states. This paper provides a summary of the evidence base on countering violent extremism (CVE) in fragile and conflict-affected states. It focuses on the process of violent extremism and countering violent extremism,…

Regional Cooperation Council (RCC) commissioned a study on cyber security and online radicalization entitled “A New Virtual Battlefield – How to Prevent Online Radicalisation in the Cyber Security Realm of the Western Balkans.” The main objective of this study is to provide a comprehensive overview and analysis of the situation…

With the collapse of the so-called caliphate and the morphing of the proto-state back into an insurgency, the virtual presence of Islamic State is now one the ways for the group to maintain a link with its international audience and supporters. Nevertheless, after a peak in the years 2014-2015, IS’…