This report is an exploration of multiple factors that contribute to, or undermine, community cohesion in local urban areas. It analyses new data on the lived experience of everyday cohesion in three areas in England where proportionally large numbers of Muslims and people of other faiths and of no faith – both recently arrived migrants and established residents – live alongside one another. The focus on Muslims in this study allows us to explore the role of faith communities in the cohesion process, as well as the relationships between new and settled groups with similar and different ethnic or religious backgrounds. The study compares the experience of Muslims in these local areas with the experience of other residents. It is important to acknowledge and keep in mind the diversity in both the categories ‘Muslim’ and ‘non-Muslim’ used in this report. The term ‘non-Muslim’ is used to refer to people who are of faiths other than Muslim or of no faith. It is used purely as a technical term. The detailed study of speci?c local contexts can serve to sharpen understanding of the ways in which, by way of key cohesion indicators, various views and experiences of British Muslims and non-Muslims are shaped.