This article critically assesses the process of voluntary collective disengagement, using the case of the Palestinian Fatah organization as an example. Breaking up the disengagement process into four categories (declarative, behavioural, organisational and deradicalization), the article argues that Fatah represents a case of mixed disengagement, it was selective, conditional and mostly only behavioural. However, despite the disengagement process only being partially successful during the Oslo period – and reversed considerably during the al-Aqsa Intifada – it has had some lasting effects on the organisation, making it less likely to re-engage in terrorism.